On April 21, 2026, in Cemex Construction Materials Pacific, LLC v. National Labor Relations Board, Case No. 23-2302 (9th Cir.), the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit declined to evaluate the new union-organizing standard adopted by the National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB” or the “Board”) in Cemex
Joshua Fox
Joshua S. Fox is a partner in the Labor & Employment Law Department and a member of the Sports, Labor-Management Relations, Class and Collective Actions and Wage and Hour Groups.
As a member of the Sports Law Group, Josh has represented a number of Major League Baseball Clubs in all aspects of the salary arbitration process. Josh also has extensive experience representing professional sports leagues and teams in grievance-arbitration proceedings, and has played a key role in representing professional sports leagues in all aspects of their collective bargaining negotiations with players and officials, including the Major League Baseball, National Hockey League, the National Football League, Major League Soccer, the Professional Referee Organization, and the National Basketball Association. Josh has also represented teams and arenas in all aspects of labor relations involving labor unions representing arena staff.
In addition, Josh has extensive experience representing clients in the performing arts industry, including the New York City Ballet, New York City Opera, Big Apple Circus, among many others, in collective bargaining negotiations with performers and musicians, the administration of their collective bargaining agreements, and in grievance arbitrations.
Josh also represents a diverse range of clients, including real estate developers and contractors, pipe line contractors, hospitals, hotels, manufacturers and public employers, in collective bargaining, counseling on general employment matters and proceedings before the National Labor Relations Board, New York State Public Employment Relations Board and arbitrators.
Josh also serves as an adjunct professor at Cornell University’s School of Industrial Labor Relations for several years, teaching a course regarding Major League Baseball salary arbitration.
Prior to joining Proskauer, Josh worked for a year and a half at the National Hockey League, where he was involved in all labor and employment matters, including preparations for collective bargaining, grievance arbitration, contract drafting and reviewing and employment counseling. Josh also interned in the labor relations department of Major League Baseball and at Region 2 of the National Labor Relations Board. He was a member of the Brooklyn Law Review and the Appellate Moot Court Honor Society and served as president of the Brooklyn Entertainment and Sports Law Society.
Trump’s Latest NLRB Pick Could Swing Biden-Era Precedent
On April 13, 2026, President Trump nominated James Macy to fill the third vacant Republican seat on the National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB” or the “Board”). The President also re-nominated current Democrat NLRB Member David Prouty to serve a second term. The dual split-party nominations—a common political maneuver—may facilitate a…
Cemex Survives: Board Declines Chance to Overturn Novel Representation Framework
On March 25, 2026, the National Labor Relations Board issued a decision in St. John’s College, Case 28-RM-337949, and declined to overturn the Board’s August 2023 decision in Cemex Construction Materials Pacific, LLC, 372 NLRB No. 130 (2023). Cemex upended 50 years of precedent by establishing a…
Course Change: NLRB Asks Federal Court to Strike Removal Protections
On March 23, 2026, the National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB”) asked a federal court to declare unconstitutional and sever the provisions in the National Labor Relations Act (the “Act”) that restrict the President’s ability to remove NLRB Board Members and administrative law judges (“ALJs”). The filing comes in the case…
NIH Withdraws Recognition from Union Representing Grad Students and Postdocs
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has withdrawn recognition from the union representing its postdoctoral and graduate student fellows. In the email announcing the decision, the NIH stated it withdrew recognition because the fellows are not “employees.” Unionization at federal agencies like the NIH is regulated by the Federal Labor…
On the Rocks: Sixth Circuit Rejects Cemex NLRB Representation Framework at Distillery
On March 6, 2026, the Sixth Circuit issued its decision in Brown-Forman Corporation v. NLRB, marking the first appellate rejection of the National Labor Relations Boards’ (“NLRB” or “Board”) Cemex framework. As previously reported, in August 2023, the Board issued Cemex, which upended 50 years of precedent…
NLRB’s 2020 Joint Employer Standard is Officially Back
In an anticipated move, the National Labor Relations Board (the “NLRB”) formally reinstated its 2020 rule that controls when an employer is deemed a joint employer under the labor law. This rulemaking does not change the standard that the NLRB currently applies to determine joint employer status because of prior…
You Shall Not Impasse: Eleventh Circuit Affirms the NLRB’s High Bar for When Further Bargaining is Futile
On February 19, 2026, the Eleventh Circuit upheld a 2024 National Labor Relations Board (the “NLRB” or “the Board”) decision finding the now-defunct Southwest Florida Symphony Orchestra and Chorus Association prematurely declared an impasse in bargaining and unlawfully implemented its last, best, and final offer. A three-judge panel issued an…